PCBA kev tsim khoom yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab nyuaj uas suav nrog kev sib sau ua ke ntau yam ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm luam tawm (PCB). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem nrog qee yam khoom lossis cov pob qij txha sib txuas, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li cov khoom siv tsis zoo, cov khoom puas lossis cov teeb meem kev txuas hluav taws xob. Nkag siab txog cov laj thawj tom qab qhov tshwm sim no thiab nrhiav cov kev daws teeb meem zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom kawg.Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav delve rau hauv cov laj thawj yog vim li cas cov khoom no los yog cov pob qij txha sib txuas thaum lub sij hawm tsim PCBA thiab muab cov tswv yim zoo thiab cov kev daws teeb meem los daws qhov teeb meem no. Los ntawm kev siv cov lus pom zoo, cov tuam txhab lag luam tuaj yeem kov yeej qhov teeb meem no thiab ua tiav kev sib koom ua ke PCB nrog kev txhim kho soldering, tiv thaiv cov khoom, thiab kev sib txuas hluav taws xob ruaj khov.
1: Nkag siab qhov tshwm sim hauv PCB Assembly Manufacturing:
Txhais ntawm PCBA Manufacturing:
PCBA manufacturing hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib sau ua ke ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob mus rau lub rooj tsav xwm luam tawm (PCB) los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog muab cov khoom sib xyaw rau hauv PCB thiab muab lawv tso rau hauv qhov chaw.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Kev Sib Koom Tes Zoo:
Kev sib dhos kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm txhim khu kev qha ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom sib txuas nrog PCB ruaj ntseg thiab txuas kom raug, tso cai rau cov teeb liab hluav taws xob siv tau thiab tiv thaiv kev sib txuas xoob.
Upright Cheebtsam thiab solder joint piav qhia:
Thaum cov khoom siv los yog cov sib koom ua ke raug xa mus rau "ncaj" hauv PCBA kev tsim khoom, nws txhais tau hais tias nws tsis tiaj tus lossis tsis ua raws li qhov zoo ntawm PCB. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov khoom siv lossis cov sib koom ua ke tsis yog dej ntws nrog PCB.
Tej yam teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom upright thiab solder pob qij txha:
Upright Cheebtsam thiab cov pob qij txha tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau thaum PCBA tsim thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zaum kawg. Qee qhov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim no suav nrog:
Tsis zoo soldering:
Upright solder pob qij txha yuav tsis ua kom zoo nrog cov PCB pads, ua rau cov solder tsis txaus thiab cov hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog. Qhov no txo qhov kev cia siab tag nrho thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej.
Mechanical stress:
Upright Cheebtsam yuav raug rau cov neeg kho tshuab kev ntxhov siab ntau dua vim tias lawv tsis txuas nrog PCB nto. Qhov kev ntxhov siab no tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tawg lossis txawm tias tshem tawm ntawm PCB, ua rau lub cuab yeej ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Kev sib txuas hluav taws xob tsis zoo:
Thaum cov khoom siv los yog cov sib koom ua ke sawv ntsug, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib cuag hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev sib txuas tsis sib xws, poob ntawm cov teeb liab, lossis txo cov conductivity, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Overheating:
Upright Cheebtsam yuav tsis dissipate tshav kub zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub cuab yeej kev tswj hwm thermal, ua rau overheating thiab ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj lossis ua rau lawv lub neej ua haujlwm luv.
Teeb meem kev ncaj ncees:
Cov khoom siv sawv ntsug lossis cov pob qij txha tuaj yeem ua rau tsis raug impedance txuam ntawm circuits, teeb liab reflections, lossis crosstalk. Cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tag nrho cov teeb liab kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem PCBA, kev daws teeb meem raws sij hawm ntawm cov khoom sib dhos thiab cov teeb meem sib koom ua ke yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev ua neej ntev ntawm cov khoom kawg.
2.Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas cov khoom siv lossis cov pob qij txha sawv ntsug hauv PCBA Kev Tsim Khoom:
Kev faib tawm tsis sib xws: cua kub tsis sib xws, cua txias, lossis qhov kub thiab txias ntawm PCB tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv los yog cov pob qij txha sawv.Thaum lub sij hawm soldering txheej txheem, yog tias qee qhov chaw ntawm PCB tau txais cua sov ntau dua los yog tsawg dua li lwm tus, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thermal ntawm cov khoom thiab cov pob qij txha. Qhov kev ntxhov siab thermal no tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob qij txha sib sib zog los yog khoov, ua rau cov khoom tiv thaiv kom sawv ntsug.Ib qho ntawm qhov ua rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov kub tsis sib xws yog qhov tsis zoo thaum lub sij hawm vuam. Yog tias cov cua sov tsis sib npaug ntawm PCB, qee qhov chaw yuav muaj qhov kub siab dua thaum lwm qhov chaw txias dua. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov chaw tsis raug lossis kev faib cov khoom cua sov, cov xov xwm hloov hluav taws xob tsis txaus, lossis cov tshuab cua sov tsis zoo.
Lwm yam uas ua rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov txias txias. Yog tias PCB txias tsis sib xws tom qab cov txheej txheem soldering, qee qhov chaw yuav txias sai dua lwm qhov. Qhov txias txias no tuaj yeem ua rau thermal shrinkage, ua rau cov khoom siv lossis cov pob qij txha tuaj yeem sawv ntsug.
Cov txheej txheem vuam tsis raug: Kev teeb tsa tsis raug xws li qhov kub thiab txias, lub sijhawm lossis siab thaum lub sijhawm vuam tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv lossis cov pob qij txha sawv ntsug.Soldering muaj cua sov kom yaj lub solder thiab tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab PCB. Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias tau teeb tsa siab heev thaum lub sij hawm soldering, nws yuav ua rau lub solder yaj ntau dhau. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom sib koom ua ke ntau dhau thiab ua rau cov khoom sawv ntsug. Ib yam li ntawd, qhov kub tsis txaus tuaj yeem ua rau tsis txaus melting ntawm cov solder, uas ua rau tsis muaj zog los yog ua tsis tiav. Lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw siab thaum lub sij hawm vuam kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lub sij hawm tsis txaus lossis lub siab yuav ua rau cov pob qij txha tsis tiav lossis tsis muaj zog, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom sawv ntsug. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zog ntau dhau thaum lub sij hawm soldering tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv ntau dhau, ua rau cov khoom qaij lossis nqa.
Kev tso kawm tsis raug: Kev tso kawm tsis zoo yog ib qho ua rau cov khoom siv lossis cov pob qij txha sawv ntsug.Thaum lub sij hawm sib dhos, yog hais tias cov khoom yog misaligned los yog qaij, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis sib xws ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Thaum soldering xws li cov khoom, lub solder yuav tsis ntws sib npaug, ua rau cov khoom sawv ntsug. Cheebtsam misalignment tej zaum yuav tshwm sim vim tib neeg yuam kev los yog malfunction ntawm lub tshuab muab tso rau tsis siv neeg. Qhov tseeb thiab meej qhov kev tso kawm yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua raws li cov lus qhia muab tso rau hauv PCB tsim los yog sib dhos specifications. Cov khoom siv vuam tsis zoo lossis cov txheej txheem: Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem siv tau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov pob qij txha thiab yog li kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis zoo soldering yuav muaj impurities, muaj cov ntsiab lus melting tsis sib xws, lossis muaj cov flux tsis txaus. Kev siv cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob qij txha tsis muaj zog lossis tsis zoo uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub rooj sib txoos sawv.
Cov tswv yim tsis zoo xws li ntau dhau los yog tsis txaus solder paste, tsis sib xws los yog tsis sib xws, lossis tsis raug qhov ntsuas kub kuj tuaj yeem ua rau qhov teeb meem no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li cov txheej txheem soldering kom raug thiab cov lus qhia pom zoo los ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lossis cov qauv kev lag luam kom ntseeg tau tias kev sib koom ua ke txhim khu kev qha.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tu PCB tsis txaus tom qab soldering tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom seem ntawm cov pob qij txha. Cov residue no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm qhov nro thaum lub sij hawm reflow, ua rau cov khoom sawv ntsug.
3. Kev daws teeb meem:
Kho qhov kub thiab txias: Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sijhawm vuam, xav txog cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
Kho cov khoom siv cua sov: xyuas kom cov khoom siv cua sov (xws li cua kub los yog infrared reflow qhov cub) kom zoo thiab muab cov cua sov rau ntawm PCB.Tshawb xyuas qhov kub lossis txias thiab ua kom muaj kev hloov kho lossis kho kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ntsuas kub zoo ib yam.
Ua raws li cov kauj ruam ua ntej: Preheating PCB ua ntej soldering yuav pab txo qis thermal kev nyuaj siab thiab txhawb nqa qhov kub thiab txias dua.Preheating tuaj yeem ua tiav siv qhov chaw ua haujlwm preheat los yog maj mam nce qhov kub thiab txias hauv lub qhov cub kom ua tiav txawm tias hloov pauv kub.
Optimize welding txheej txheem tsis: Fine-tuning lub vuam txheej txheem tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tau ib tug txhim khu kev qha kev twb kev txuas thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm sawv ntsug. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov hauv qab no:
Kub: Teem lub vuam kub raws li cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv vuam.Ua raws li cov lus qhia lossis cov qauv kev lag luam uas muab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Tsis txhob muaj qhov kub thiab txias, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua nplaum ntau dhau, thiab qhov kub tsis txaus, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob qij txha tawg.
Lub Sijhawm: Xyuas kom cov txheej txheem soldering muab sijhawm txaus rau cov solder kom yaj thiab tsim ib daim ntawv cog lus ruaj khov.Ib lub sij hawm luv luv tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob qij txha tsis muaj zog lossis tsis tiav, thaum lub sij hawm cua sov ntev heev tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv ntau dhau.
Siab: Kho lub siab siv thaum soldering kom tsis txhob over-los yog under-soldering.Ua raws li cov lus qhia siab pom zoo los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov khoom siv vuam vuam.
Xyuas kom meej qhov chaw muab tso rau hauv qhov tseeb: Qhov tseeb thiab ua raws li qhov kev tso kawm yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem. Xav txog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
Siv cov cuab yeej tso kawm zoo: Kev nqis peev hauv cov khoom siv ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov khoom kom raug.Calibrate thiab tswj cov cuab yeej tsis tu ncua kom ntseeg tau qhov kev tso kawm raug.
Txheeb xyuas qhov kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom siv: Muab ob npaug rau kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom taw qhia ua ntej tso.Kev taw qhia tsis raug ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm vuam thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem sawv.
Alignment thiab Stability: Xyuas kom cov khoom yog square thiab ruaj ntseg muab tso rau ntawm PCB pads ua ntej soldering.Siv cov cuab yeej sib dhos lossis cov clamps los tuav cov khoom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem kom tsis txhob muaj tilting lossis txav.
Xaiv cov khoom siv vuam zoo: Kev xaiv cov khoom siv vuam cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom sib txuas. Thov xav txog cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
Solder alloy: Xaiv cov hlau nplaum uas haum rau cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv PCB.Siv cov alloys nrog cov ntsiab lus melting zoo ib yam thiab cov khoom ntub dej zoo rau kev txhim kho vuam.
Flux: Siv cov flux zoo tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem soldering thiab cov khoom siv PCB.Lub flux yuav tsum txhawb kom ntub dej kom zoo thiab muab kev tu kom txaus ntawm cov npoo npoo.
Solder Paste: Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov tshuaj nplaum siv tau muaj qhov tseeb thiab qhov loj me me faib kom ua tiav cov yam ntxwv zoo thiab ntws.Cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv yog muaj rau ntau yam kev sib tw, xws li reflow lossis yoj soldering.
Khaws koj lub PCB kom huv: Qhov chaw huv PCB yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo. Thov ua raws li cov kauj ruam no kom koj lub PCB huv si:
Flux Residue Tshem Tawm: Tshem tawm cov khoom seem ntawm PCB kom tiav tom qab soldering.Siv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws uas tsim nyog, xws li isopropyl cawv (IPA) lossis cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb tshem tawm, tshem tawm cov kua dej uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev sib koom ua ke los yog ua rau muaj teeb meem nro.
Kev tshem tawm cov kab mob: Tshem tawm tag nrho cov kab mob xws li av, plua plav lossis roj los ntawm PCB nto ua ntej soldering.Siv cov ntaub qhwv tsis muaj lint lossis txhuam kom maj mam ntxuav lub PCB nto kom tsis txhob ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo.
Cia thiab tuav: Khaws thiab tuav cov PCBs hauv qhov chaw huv si, tsis muaj plua plav.Siv cov ntaub thaiv npog los yog lub hnab kom tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kis kab mob thaum khaws cia thiab thauj mus los. Tsis tu ncua tshuaj xyuas thiab saib xyuas PCB kev huv huv thiab tsim cov txheej txheem tsim nyog tswj kom muaj kev huv huv zoo ib yam.
4.Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev pab cuam hauv PCBA Manufacturing:
Thaum cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem nyuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom sib dhos lossis cov pob qij txha thaum lub sij hawm sib dhos PCB, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nrhiav kev pab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom muaj kev paub. Kev cob qha PCB sib dhos chaw tsim tshuaj paus Capel muaj ntau yam zoo uas tuaj yeem pab daws teeb meem thiab daws cov teeb meem no zoo.
kev paub: Kev cob qha PCB los ua ke chaw tsim tshuaj paus Capel muaj 15 xyoo ntawm kev paub daws teeb meem ntau yam PCB los ua ke.Lawv tau ntsib thiab ua tiav daws teeb meem ntau yam, suav nrog kev sib dhos ncaj thiab cov teeb meem sib koom ua ke. Lawv qhov kev paub dhau los tso cai rau lawv txheeb xyuas cov hauv paus hauv paus ntawm cov teeb meem no sai thiab siv cov kev daws teeb meem tsim nyog. Nrog cov kev paub tau txais los ntawm cov haujlwm suav tsis txheeb, lawv tuaj yeem muab cov kev nkag siab zoo thiab cov lus qhia los ua kom PCB ua tiav.
Kev txawj ntse: Capel ntiav cov kws tshaj lij thiab kev cob qhia PCB los ua ke cov kws tshaj lij.Cov kws tshaj lij no muaj kev paub tob txog cov txheej txheem soldering, cov khoom tso rau hauv thiab ntsuas kev tswj kom zoo. Lawv nkag siab qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov txheej txheem sib dhos thiab tau paub zoo hauv cov qauv kev lag luam thiab kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws. Peb cov kws tshaj lij tso cai rau peb ua cov kev soj ntsuam nruj me ntsis, txheeb xyuas cov kev pheej hmoo uas yuav tshwm sim, thiab ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv tsim nyog los daws cov teeb meem ncaj ncees lossis cov teeb meem sib koom ua ke. Los ntawm kev siv peb cov kev txawj ntse, cov kws tshaj lij PCB sib dhos cov chaw tsim khoom Capel tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev sib dhos zoo tshaj plaws thiab txo qhov yuav muaj teeb meem yav tom ntej.
Cov cuab yeej siv siab tshaj: Kev tshaj lij PCB los ua ke chaw tsim khoom Capel nqis peev hauv cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob thiab thev naus laus zis los txhim kho cov txheej txheem sib dhos thiab sib dhos.Lawv siv cov tshuab reflow siab heev, automated component placement machines thiab cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha. Cov tshuab no tau ua tib zoo ntsuas thiab tswj xyuas kom muaj kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, kev tso kawm meej, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm cov pob qij txha. Los ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej siv siab heev, Capel tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntau yam ua rau sawv ntsug los yog cov teeb meem sib koom ua ke, xws li kev hloov pauv kub, kev tsis zoo, lossis cov khoom siv tsis zoo.
QC: Tus kws tshaj lij PCB sib dhos chaw tsim khoom Capel tau ua tiav cov kev tswj xyuas zoo kom ntseeg tau qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab.Lawv ua raws li cov txheej txheem tswj xyuas nruj nruj thoob plaws hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem sib dhos, los ntawm kev yuav khoom mus rau kev tshuaj xyuas zaum kawg. Qhov no suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho ntawm cov khoom, cov pob qij txha thiab PCB huv. Peb muaj cov txheej txheem kev sim nruj xws li kev kuaj X-ray thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qhov muag kom pom txhua yam tsis xws luag lossis tsis txaus ntseeg. Los ntawm kev ua raws li kev tswj hwm nruj, cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam tuaj yeem txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom sib dhos lossis cov teeb meem sib koom ua ke thiab muab cov khoom sib dhos PCB txhim khu kev qha.
Tus nqi thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau zoo: Ua haujlwm nrog cov kws tshaj lij PCB sib dhos cov chaw tsim khoom Capel tuaj yeem txuag sijhawm thiab nqi.Lawv cov kev txawj ntse thiab cov cuab yeej siv siab heev tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas sai thiab daws cov teeb meem sawv ntsug lossis cov teeb meem sib koom ua ke, txo qis qhov kev ncua sij hawm ntau lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov ua haujlwm raug nqi ntau dua lossis tshem tawm cov khoom puas tuaj yeem txo qis thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov kws tshaj lij uas muaj kev paub thiab kev paub dhau los. Qhov no tuaj yeem txuag cov nqi hauv lub sijhawm ntev.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus,Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom siv los yog cov pob qij txha thaum lub sij hawm tsim PCBA tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov laj thawj tom qab qhov tshwm sim no thiab siv cov kev daws teeb meem tsim nyog, cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm vuam, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, thiab ua kom muaj kev sib txuas hluav taws xob zoo. Ua hauj lwm nrog cov kws tshaj lij PCB sib dhos cov chaw tsim khoom Capel kuj tuaj yeem muab kev txhawb nqa tsim nyog thiab kev txawj ntse los daws qhov teeb meem no. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus qhia no, cov tuam ntxhab tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom PCBA thiab muab cov neeg siv khoom zoo.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-11-2023
Rov qab
